In the debate on theories of the atonement, the word “propitiation” (“atoning sacrifice” in some versions) that appears in various places in the New Testament, is used to demonstrate God’s wrath at sin. Now God’s anger at sin is, as far as I am concerned, a fact established beyond doubt in the Bible. What’s more it is righteous anger - he both has a right to be angry and it is right for him to be angry.

Rom 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness

But it is interesting that John doesn’t use “propitiation” as a proof of God’s wrath against our sin, but as a proof of his love for us:

1 John 4:10 In this is love: not that we have loved God, but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the atoning sacrifice for our sins.

Thus we see that the propitiation not only speaks of God’s wrath at sin, but because it was God himself who provided the atoning sacrifice, it speaks even more powerfully of his great love for the people of this rebel planet.

John 3:16 For this is the way God loved the world: He gave his one and only Son

No propitiation could conceivably have been more costly for the Father. The one he loves and delights in more than anything was the price of our salvation.

Mark 1:11 And a voice came from heaven: “You are my one dear Son; in you I take great delight.”

So we have a God who is angry at our sin, yet who has this amazing love for us. He refuses to simply pretend that he is not angry, he requires the problem to be dealt with properly. He could of course simply have satisfied his anger at our sin by punishing us, but he chose another way. Thus the cross primarily speaks of a God of love - it simply would not have been necessary if God did not love us so much. He is, it would seem, the God who doesn’t want to be angry.

Hosea 14:4 I will heal their waywardness and love them freely, for my anger will turn away from them.